Ubuntu:修订间差异
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(未显示同一用户的35个中间版本) | |||
第6行: | 第6行: | ||
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sudo apt purge -y snapd | sudo apt purge -y snapd; sudo apt autoremove --purge -y; sudo apt clean | ||
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並且 | 並且 移除掉Ubuntu Pro的 廣告: | ||
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sudo | sudo systemctl disable apt-news.service; sudo systemctl disable esm-cache.service; sudo mv /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20apt-esm-hook.conf /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20apt-esm-hook.conf.bak | ||
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第28行: | 第28行: | ||
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sudo apt install -y apache2-utils apt-transport-https bash-completion bpfcc-tools build-essential curl dnsutils dstat git jq locales moreutils most mtr-tiny net-tools p7zip-full pigz prometheus-node-exporter rsync sharutils software-properties-common sysstat unrar unzip vim-nox wget | sudo apt install -y apache2-utils apt-transport-https aptitude bash-completion bpfcc-tools build-essential curl dnsutils dstat git jc jq locales moreutils most mtr-tiny net-tools netcat-openbsd p7zip-full pigz prometheus-node-exporter rsync sharutils software-properties-common sysstat telnet ubuntu-minimal unrar unzip vim-nox wget zstd; sudo apt clean | ||
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另外建議每台機器都把除錯用的套件裝起來,遇到狀況時可以馬上處理<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://blog.gslin.org/archives/2024/03/25/11715/brendan-gregg-%e6%8e%a8%e8%96%a6%e5%b9%b3%e5%b8%b8%e5%9c%a8-linux-%e4%b8%8a%e5%85%88%e8%a3%9d%e5%a5%bd%e7%9a%84%e5%b7%a5%e5%85%b7/ |title=Brendan Gregg 推薦平常在 Linux 上先裝好的工具 |language=zh-tw |accessdate=2024-03-25 |date=2024-03-25}}</ref>: | |||
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sudo apt install -y bpfcc-tools bpftrace cpuid ethtool gdb iproute2 linux-tools-common msr-tools nicstat numactl procps sysstat tcpdump tiptop trace-cmd util-linux; sudo apt clean | |||
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第34行: | 第40行: | ||
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sudo apt install -y keychain mosh; sudo apt clean | sudo apt install -y byobu keychain mosh zsh zsh-syntax-highlighting; sudo apt clean | ||
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開發機可以裝這些: | 開發機可以裝這些 ,要注意這邊裝的是系統的版本,可能會偏舊 : | ||
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sudo apt install -y build-essential cmake cvs debhelper default-jdk devscripts golang nasm python3-minimal subversion; sudo apt clean | sudo apt install -y build-essential bison byobu cmake cvs debhelper default-jdk devscripts git-flow golang mercurial nasm python3-minimal subversion tig; sudo apt clean | ||
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第80行: | 第86行: | ||
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echo "gslin ALL = (ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" | tee /etc/sudoers.d/gslin; sudo useradd -g staff -G adm,sudo -m -s /bin/ | echo "gslin ALL = (ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" | sudo tee /etc/sudoers.d/gslin; sudo useradd -g staff -G adm,sudo -m -s /bin/bash gslin; sudo passwd gslin | ||
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第88行: | 第94行: | ||
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sudo fallocate -l 512M /swapfile; sudo chmod 600 /swapfile; sudo mkswap /swapfile; sudo swapon /swapfile; echo '/swapfile none swap sw 0 0' | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab; echo "vm.swappiness=1" | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-vm.conf; sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/99-vm.conf; echo -e "net.core.default_qdisc=fq\nnet.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control=bbr" | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-tcp.conf; sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/99-tcp.conf; sudo | sudo fallocate -l 512M /swapfile; sudo chmod 600 /swapfile; sudo mkswap /swapfile; sudo swapon /swapfile; echo '/swapfile none swap sw 0 0' | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab; echo "vm.swappiness=1" | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-vm.conf; sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/99-vm.conf; echo -e "net.core.default_qdisc=fq\nnet.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control=bbr" | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-tcp.conf; sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/99-tcp.conf; sudo apt purge -y snapd; sudo systemctl disable apt-news.service; sudo systemctl disable esm-cache.service; sudo mv /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20apt-esm-hook.conf /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20apt-esm-hook.conf.bak; sudo apt update; sudo apt dist-upgrade -y; sudo apt install -y apache2-utils apt-transport-https aptitude bash-completion bpfcc-tools bpfcc-tools bpftrace build-essential cpuid curl dnsutils dstat ethtool gdb git iproute2 jc jq linux-tools-common locales moreutils most msr-tools mtr-tiny net-tools netcat-openbsd nicstat numactl p7zip-full pigz procps prometheus-node-exporter rsync sharutils software-properties-common sysstat sysstat tcpdump telnet tig tiptop trace-cmd ubuntu-minimal unrar unzip util-linux vim-nox wget zstd; sudo apt autoremove --purge -y; sudo apt clean; sudo locale-gen en_US.UTF-8 zh_TW.UTF-8 | ||
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伺服器的部分可以停掉自動更新: | |||
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sudo apt purge -y unattended-upgrades; sudo systemctl disable apt-daily.timer; sudo systemctl disable --now packagekit.service | |||
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== 參考文獻 == | |||
{{Reflist|2}} | |||
== 外部連結 == | == 外部連結 == |
2024年5月4日 (六) 21:50的版本
Ubuntu是一种Linux操作系统。
移除
目前社群的建议都是先移除掉Snap:
sudo apt purge -y snapd; sudo apt autoremove --purge -y; sudo apt clean
并且移除掉Ubuntu Pro的广告:
sudo systemctl disable apt-news.service; sudo systemctl disable esm-cache.service; sudo mv /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20apt-esm-hook.conf /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20apt-esm-hook.conf.bak
安装
apt
先更新系统的套件库以及系统:
sudo apt update; sudo apt upgrade -y
这边列出常用的套件:
sudo apt install -y apache2-utils apt-transport-https aptitude bash-completion bpfcc-tools build-essential curl dnsutils dstat git jc jq locales moreutils most mtr-tiny net-tools netcat-openbsd p7zip-full pigz prometheus-node-exporter rsync sharutils software-properties-common sysstat telnet ubuntu-minimal unrar unzip vim-nox wget zstd; sudo apt clean
另外建议每台机器都把除错用的套件装起来,遇到状况时可以马上处理[1]:
sudo apt install -y bpfcc-tools bpftrace cpuid ethtool gdb iproute2 linux-tools-common msr-tools nicstat numactl procps sysstat tcpdump tiptop trace-cmd util-linux; sudo apt clean
跳板机会多装这些:
sudo apt install -y byobu keychain mosh zsh zsh-syntax-highlighting; sudo apt clean
开发机可以装这些,要注意这边装的是系统的版本,可能会偏旧:
sudo apt install -y build-essential bison byobu cmake cvs debhelper default-jdk devscripts git-flow golang mercurial nasm python3-minimal subversion tig; sudo apt clean
设定
有些机器没有对应的locale,可以让系统产生:
sudo locale-gen en_US.UTF-8 zh_TW.UTF-8
在VPS或是云端上的机器通常会利用swapfile增加一些内存使用空间:
sudo fallocate -l 512M /swapfile; sudo chmod 600 /swapfile; sudo mkswap /swapfile; sudo swapon /swapfile; echo '/swapfile none swap sw 0 0' | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
但还是要避免使用到Swap:
echo "vm.swappiness=1" | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-vm.conf; sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/99-vm.conf
然后设定TCP BBR,需要Linux Kernel 4.9+(如果是Ubuntu 16.04,预设是4.4,会需要安装linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04
):
echo -e "net.core.default_qdisc=fq\nnet.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control=bbr" | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-tcp.conf; sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/99-tcp.conf
如果无法使用TCP BBR,可以改用Westwood:
echo -e "net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control=westwood" | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-tcp.conf; sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/99-tcp.conf
使用者
这边是增加我自己的账号(以及Sudo权限),然后设定密码:
echo "gslin ALL = (ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" | sudo tee /etc/sudoers.d/gslin; sudo useradd -g staff -G adm,sudo -m -s /bin/bash gslin; sudo passwd gslin
总结
一般性的快速安装:
sudo fallocate -l 512M /swapfile; sudo chmod 600 /swapfile; sudo mkswap /swapfile; sudo swapon /swapfile; echo '/swapfile none swap sw 0 0' | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab; echo "vm.swappiness=1" | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-vm.conf; sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/99-vm.conf; echo -e "net.core.default_qdisc=fq\nnet.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control=bbr" | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-tcp.conf; sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/99-tcp.conf; sudo apt purge -y snapd; sudo systemctl disable apt-news.service; sudo systemctl disable esm-cache.service; sudo mv /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20apt-esm-hook.conf /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20apt-esm-hook.conf.bak; sudo apt update; sudo apt dist-upgrade -y; sudo apt install -y apache2-utils apt-transport-https aptitude bash-completion bpfcc-tools bpfcc-tools bpftrace build-essential cpuid curl dnsutils dstat ethtool gdb git iproute2 jc jq linux-tools-common locales moreutils most msr-tools mtr-tiny net-tools netcat-openbsd nicstat numactl p7zip-full pigz procps prometheus-node-exporter rsync sharutils software-properties-common sysstat sysstat tcpdump telnet tig tiptop trace-cmd ubuntu-minimal unrar unzip util-linux vim-nox wget zstd; sudo apt autoremove --purge -y; sudo apt clean; sudo locale-gen en_US.UTF-8 zh_TW.UTF-8
服务器的部分可以停掉自动更新:
sudo apt purge -y unattended-upgrades; sudo systemctl disable apt-daily.timer; sudo systemctl disable --now packagekit.service
参考文献
- ↑ Brendan Gregg 推荐平常在 Linux 上先装好的工具. 2024-03-25 [2024-03-25] (中文(台湾)).
外部链接
- 官方网站 (英文)