Ubuntu

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Gslin讨论 | 贡献2023年5月26日 (五) 14:40的版本 →‎安裝
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Ubuntu是一种Linux操作系统。

移除

目前社群的建议都是先移除掉Snap:

sudo apt purge -y snapd

并且关闭广告讯息:

sudo pro config set apt_news=false

然后删除ESM的广告:

sudo rm -f /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20apt-esm-hook.conf

安装

apt

先更新系统的套件库以及系统:

sudo apt update; sudo apt upgrade -y

这边列出常用的套件:

sudo apt install -y apache2-utils apt-transport-https bash-completion bpfcc-tools build-essential curl dnsutils dstat git jq locales moreutils most mtr-tiny net-tools netcat p7zip-full pigz prometheus-node-exporter rsync sharutils software-properties-common sysstat telnet unrar unzip vim-nox wget zstd; sudo apt clean

跳板机会多装这些:

sudo apt install -y byobu keychain mosh zsh zsh-syntax-highlighting; sudo apt clean

开发机可以装这些:

sudo apt install -y build-essential byobu cmake cvs debhelper default-jdk devscripts git-flow golang mercurial nasm python3-minimal subversion; sudo apt clean

设定

有些机器没有对应的locale,可以让系统产生:

sudo locale-gen en_US.UTF-8 zh_TW.UTF-8

在VPS或是云端上的机器通常会利用swapfile增加一些内存使用空间:

sudo fallocate -l 512M /swapfile; sudo chmod 600 /swapfile; sudo mkswap /swapfile; sudo swapon /swapfile; echo '/swapfile none swap sw 0 0' | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab

但还是要避免使用到Swap:

echo "vm.swappiness=1" | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-vm.conf; sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/99-vm.conf

然后设定TCP BBR,需要Linux Kernel 4.9+(如果是Ubuntu 16.04,预设是4.4,会需要安装linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04):

echo -e "net.core.default_qdisc=fq\nnet.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control=bbr" | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-tcp.conf; sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/99-tcp.conf

如果无法使用TCP BBR,可以改用Westwood:

echo -e "net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control=westwood" | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-tcp.conf; sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/99-tcp.conf

使用者

这边是增加我自己的账号(以及Sudo权限),然后设定密码:

echo "gslin ALL = (ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" | sudo tee /etc/sudoers.d/gslin; sudo useradd -g staff -G adm,sudo -m -s /bin/bash gslin; sudo passwd gslin

总结

一般性的快速安装:

sudo fallocate -l 512M /swapfile; sudo chmod 600 /swapfile; sudo mkswap /swapfile; sudo swapon /swapfile; echo '/swapfile none swap sw 0 0' | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab; echo "vm.swappiness=1" | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-vm.conf; sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/99-vm.conf; echo -e "net.core.default_qdisc=fq\nnet.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control=bbr" | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-tcp.conf; sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/99-tcp.conf; sudo pro config set apt_news=false; sudo rm -f /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20apt-esm-hook.conf; sudo apt update; sudo apt purge -y snapd; sudo apt dist-upgrade -y; sudo apt install -y apache2-utils apt-transport-https bash-completion bpfcc-tools build-essential curl dnsutils dstat git jq locales moreutils most mtr-tiny net-tools netcat p7zip-full pigz prometheus-node-exporter rsync sharutils software-properties-common sysstat telnet unrar unzip vim-nox wget zstd; sudo apt clean; sudo locale-gen en_US.UTF-8 zh_TW.UTF-8

外部链接